Form or mold for walls of concrete and the like



April 14, 1936. R WALES 2,037,444

FORM OR MOLD- FOR WALLS OF CONCRETE AND THE LIKE Filed Sept. 12, 1933 3Sheets-Sheet l m m M/ INVENTOR April 14, 1936. R. T. WALES FORM OR MOLDFOR WALLS OF CONCRETE AND THE LIKE Filed Sept. 12, 1933 3 Sheets-Sheet 2INVENTOR. fWw.

an a g- 5-1 E df d April 14, 1936. R WALES 2,037,444

FORM OR MOLD FOR WALLS OF CONCRETE AND THE LIKE Filed Sept. 12, 1933 3Shee ts-Sheet 3 INVENTQR Patented Apr. 14, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE FORM OR MOLD FOB- WALLS OF CONCRETE AND THE LIKE This inventionprovides certain new and useful improvements in forms or molds used forbuilding walls of concrete or similar material or for facing or coveringexisting walls or upright surfaces with such material. The principalobjects accomplished by this invention are first, to provide molds whichmay be more quickly and easily assembled and dismantled than moldsheretofore available; second, to provide molds which are light instructure while having ample strength and durability, are easilyrepaired, and which may be produced at a relatively low cost; third, toprovide molds which produce a better finished wall.

This invention provides new and useful improvements to a construction ofwall mold which has certain features already known by the public andmentioned in this paragraph as follows: Panels or plates (herein calledplates) furnish most of the surface adjacent the mold space. Theseplates are supported by a series of uprights which are also adjacent themold space and preferably have wings extending laterally from them andadjacent the mold space, the object of these wings being to prevent theplates entering the mold space. The plates are held in position betweenthe uprights and adjacent the mold space by locking means adapted forthat purpose. The uprights may be disposed vertically or inclined, tocorrespond with the face of the wall desired. Likewise they may beeither straight or curved, a curved upright being adapted for the insideof sewer or sub-way construction. The relative positions of uprights,plates and locking means are substantially the same for such differentkinds of work. The uprights may be secured and held in position by anyusual or suitable method for holding such members, but it is preferableto build up a framework comprising the uprights fastened to horizontalstringers spliced end to end and (if the wall is high) uprights splicedon top of uprights. stringers shown in the accompanying drawings areangle shaped in cross section and in most features are the same as shownin a former U. S. patent granted to me No. 1,564,- 651. The stringersplice shown in the same drawings is substantially like shown in saidpatent. The plates are adjustable and movable relatively to the uprightsand. adjustable into and out of position without affecting them. Platesare adjustable and removable without affecting adjacent plates except inspecial cases. Each locking means is adjustable without moving uprights,other locking means or other plates than the plate or plates immediatelyheld by it. Such construction permits using the same plates and. lockingmeans repeatedly in different parts of the same framework of uprightsand stringers before a job is completed. It also permits leaving theframework temporarily in place to sup- 5 I port the fresh wall'afterstripping the plates. It also permits good observation of the exposedwall surface before removing the framework. While two uprights are inany one upright position, a plate can be used between them repeatedly atsubsequently higher levels, each removal of the plate being made afterthe concrete behind it has become hard enough to stand up in the smallarea which the plate covered. It is preferable that the locking means beadapted both for forcing a plate toward the mold space into position andfor holding it there. The same nature or property of said means adaptsthem for holding plates of different thickness. It is also preferablethat the locking means be adapted for holding a plate at any levelregardless of the intervals at which the locking means may be disposed.The locking means shown herein accomplish all objects mentioned in thethree sentences preceding this. 5

This invention provides certain new and useful improvements pertainingto the construction described in the foregoing and has made it morepractical and economical. Some of the objects accomplished by thisinvention are given in the following.

1. Improved construction of uprights wherein each upright comprisesrolled metal parts held parallel to each other in permanent assembly bymetal stays fastened permanently at intervals longitudinally of theupright. This improved construction of upright has the followingadvantages. It is stronger, more durable and less expensive to produce.It is nevertheless lighter in weight because the improved constructionpermits using thicker metal where it is most needed and permits at otherplaces larger openings and longer slots than otherwise possible 'withsame strength. The larger openings are more useful for other reasonsgiven hereinafter. Since the longer rolled metal parts require nobending they may consist of steel having a high elastic limit and moredurable against blows. This is especially advantageous for the wings atthe mold face of the upright. Rolled metal in the outward side of theupright may be thicker than the rolled angles on the mold face, thewings of said angles being preferably thin. Ample strength is thusobtained without thickening said wings. The long slots and. largeopenings above mentioned greatly facilitate assembling the mold. Theyalso prevent the upright becoming filled with concrete which wouldsubsequently harden therein and prevent the engagement of tie rods, tiewires, locking means and T head bolts and would increase the weight ofthe upright. If the standard or approved locking means are notavailable, the large openings permit using other means in considerablevariety to hold the plates in position. The large openings also permiteasy observation of and access to the heads of T bolts inserted in theslots for fastening stringers and upright splices. They also permit easyattachment of wire and bent rods for various ties and purposes. Workmenmay insert their hands in the large openings and obtain perfect gripseither for handling the uprights or for climbing all over the erectedmold or framework. The rolled edges of the metal parts do not cut thehands of the workmen whereas all such uprights heretofore have been madeof sheet steel sheared and punched which cut hands of workmen. The largeopenings may be formed in the improved metal upright without beingpunched.

2. An improved construction of plate which is light in weight but verystrong where necessary. It is produced at low cost and may be easilyrepaired. Its construction is very simple and its steel face has a sharpvertical edge near each end on the line which divides the steel facefrom the rabbet or recess along the end.

3. An improved splice for uprights which comprises a rolled metalchannel of strong and com mon shape and size. Both flanges or wings ofthis channel extend outwardly of the upright instead of enclosing it asin practice heretofore. Since the wings now extend outwardly the channelmay be narrower than the uprights and disposed within the space where itcan not obstruct placing and removing plates; as explained in the lastfour lines of this paragraph. The wing nuts of the splice are also showndisposed farther outwardly than the flanges or wings of the channel.That permits using bolts of substantial diameter between the wings of anarrow channel which does not obstruct placing or removing plates andthereby does not necessitate lowering them into position from a higherlevel as in practice heretofore when required at the same level as thesplice.

4. Improved means for locking plates in position. Modifications of theselocking means are shown to correspond with modified uprights. Others areshown adapted for special plates.

5. An improved brace for holding an upright vertical does not obstructplacing plates and thereby does not necessitate lowering them intoposition if required at the same level as the end of the brace. It alsorequires no bolts and nuts.

This invention also includes certain other improvements which will behereinafter more fully set forth.

I attain the objects of this invention by the structures illustrated inthe accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 shows a plan view of aportion of a wall mold partly in horizontal section, omitting forclearness certain parts and details which are illustrated in otherfigures.

Fig. 2 is a similar view showing a modified construction and includinguprights of slightly modified construction.

Fig. 3 is a view in larger scale and horizontal section showing aportion of a mold like that in Fig. 1 and showing certain details and alock bar which were omitted from said figure, the section being on line33 in Fig. 12 omitting from view certain parts below line 3--3 in Fig.12 and omitting a channel crossed by that line in the left of Fig. 12.

Fig. 4 is a View in larger scale and horizontal section showing aportion of a mold like that in Fig. 2 and showing certain parts anddetails omitted from said figure.

Fig. 5 is an elevation of a portion of a special tie-rod and accessoryviewed as the arrow 5 in Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the bent end of each special tie-rod shown inFigs. 1 and 2 and like each end broken from the view in Fig. 5.

Figs. '7, 8 and 9, illustrate an improved bolt cleat in elevation,vertical cross-section and top plan View, respectively.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged horizontal section of an upright like those inFig. 1 on the line 33 of Fig. 12, omitting all Welds and all parts otherthan the upright.

Fig. 11 shows an elevation of an upright viewed as indicated by arrows Hin Figs. 10, 12 and 13. It also shows a modified upright viewed as thearrows ii in Figs. 14 and 25.

Fig. 12 shows an elevation of a lateral side of two uprights spliced oneabove the other, the lower partly broken from view. The view is same asarrows E2 in Figs. 3 and 10 except that additional members are alsoshown. All panels or plates are removed from View except one in thebottom of the background.

13 is a vertical section on line [3-43 in Figs. 1 and 10 showing theupright and a locking cans for a special plate.

Fig. 1a is a similar view on line Hll4 of Fig. 2 showing a modifiedupright and corresponding means for looking a special plate.

Fig. 15 is a horizontal cross-section of an upright of another modifiedconstruction, the section being on line 15 of Fig. 16.

Fig. 16 shows an elevation of the lateral side of the upright of Fig.15, viewed as the arrow 16 in said figure. It shows also a panel orplate, the locking means and a special cover or fabric.

Fig. 17 is a plan view of means for splicing uprights together, viewedin the same direction as the arrow I 7 over the same part in Fig. 12.

Fig. 18 shows a side of the locking means shown in Fig. 3 viewed asindicated by arrow I8 in said figure.

Fig. 19 shows a side of the locking means shown in Fig. 4 viewed asindicated by arrow 19 in said figure.

Fig. 20 shows the broad side of a small accessory part the lateral edgeof which is shown in Fig. 13.

Fig. 21 is a vertical section of a concrete retaining plate on line 2l-2I of Fig. 22 except that the spot welds shown in this Fig. 21 are alittle behind the plane indicated by said line 2 |-2l of Fig. 22.

Fig. 22 is a plan view of a concrete retaining plate partly broken away.

Figs. 23 and 24 are a side elevation and an end view, respectively, of astringer splice like shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 25 shows an elevation of the lateral side of an upright and a braceboth partly cut away, and illustrates the means of connecting the saidparts together.

Figs. 26 and 2'? are an elevation and top plan View, respectively, of anaccessory which may be used with the type of upright shown in- Figs. 14

and '25. Another view of this accessory is shown in Fig. 25.

Fig. 28 is a horizontal section of the concrete retaining plate shown inFig. 22 before fastening its Vertical angles and battens in place.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, all uprights shown are of hollowconstruction which is preferable. The preferred modification of uprightD is shown in Figs. 1, 3, 10, 11, 12 and 13. The slightly modifiedupright D is shown in Figs. 2, 4, 11, 14 and 25. The more modifiedupright D is shown in Figs. 15 and 16. Herein the word outwardly meansin a direction outwardly from the mold space. The outward side of anupright or other part means the side farthest from the mold space.Outward edge means edge farthest from the mold face. An outward cornerof an upright means a corner at the outward side of the upright andextending longitudinally thereof. A lateral side means a side extendingfrom an outward corner toward the mold space. Outward surface means asurface facing outwardly. Wood means wood or its equivalent for boringholes therein or nailing parts thereto. Screws, nails, wire and the likemean either as stated or equivalents for accomplishing the same objects.Metal means steel or iron or other material capable of use as asubstitute therefor,exceptthat it does not mean wood.Fastenedpermanentlymeans that the fastening need never be broken, partedor disconnected except to permit repairing or junking some part of themold. The outward third of an upright means all that part of it betweentwo planes, each plane parallel to the mold face, one plane coincidingwith or touching the outward side of the upright and the other planecrossing the upright at a distance from the aforesaid plane equal to onethird the distance therefrom to the mold face. A metal upright means anupright which comprises metal in its outward and lateral sides andwherein the major strength and rigidity in the outward third of theupright is furnished by metal. Adjacent the mold space means eitherdirectly adjacent thereto or separated therefrom only by some materialused for lining the mold space either partially or wholly withoutpreventing the relation between plates and uprights when assembled asset forth herein. Such a lining is illustrated by B nailed to the lowerpart of the mold face of the upright shown in Fig. 16. Mold. face meansa face adjacent the mold space. A rolled angle means herein an anglemade by rolling when all or most of its metal is hot or plastic enoughfor rolling, and does not mean an angle made by bending sheet metal orplate.

Concrete or the like is shown at A in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 12, 13, 14 and25. In Fig. 1 uprights D are shown held at proper distances apart bystringers In Fig. 2 uprights D are shown held by stringers G in similarmanner. In Fig. 12 a stringer G is shown in vertical section and themeans of fastening it securely to an upright is shown to be the T headbolt R carrying a loosely fitting sleeve Q and bolt cleat P. The sleeveshown here is a blank nut. The long dimension of the head of bolt Rextends horizontally. In plan view it is like the head of bolt R shownin Fig. 17. It is securely prevented from rotating by the tongue of thebolt cleat P which is shown fully in Figs. '7, 8 and 9 where the tongueP is shown narrower than the hole P The point of P is also shown to berounded. Since the tongue P is narrower than the hole P it may be (andpreferably is) narrower than the bolt R which elsewhere.

passes through the hole P in P and therefore it will not be obstructedin entering any slot immediately after the slot is entered by the headof R. The point of P is also narrower than its width This also helpsavoid such obstruction. The shank of bolt R is shown passing through Gand the tongue of the bolt cleat is shown extending through the samehole in G with the bolt. The bolt cleat remains permanently carried onthe bolt R and the latter remains permanently in the hole through G andtherefore permanently carried by G. In Fig. 12 the bolt R and the tongueof P adjacent to R are shown engaged in the outward side of the uprightD. They pass through a vertical slot in D like the slot 11 shown in Fig.11. When entering the slot the long dimension of the head of R is heldparallel to the slot. After inserted it is turned to the horizontalposition and the wing nut is drawn tight, that operation forcing thetongue of the cleat into the position shown where it is held securely bythe nut and sleeve. The upright splice J shown in Figs. 12 and 17 isshown fastened to the uprights D by four bolts R entering the same kindof slots in the outward side of the uprights and secured by the samekind of bolt cleats P. The bolts, cleats and sleeves in J are disposedand function in the same manner as the bolt the sleeve and cleat shownin G and fully discussed above. The bolts and cleats in J also have thesame dimensions as those in G but the sleeves S differ from Q becausethe space in J prevents. In Fig. 1 the stringer splice H is shownfastened to stringers G by bolts R. These bolts are carried by thestringers, have cleats and sleeves like those at the stringer G in Fig.12 and function the same in every way except that they enter verticalslots in the splice H. These slots are shown at h in Fig. 23.

In Figs. 1, 2 and 12 ordinary tie rods I are shown passing through themold space for holding the uprights against outward movement. Most ofthese rods are shown partly broken from view but one in Fig. 1 and onein Fig. 12 are shown more fully and those two are each shown equippedwith an ordinary rod clamp I holding the upright D through which the rodpasses.

Special tie rods M are shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 6. One end of each isbent and has a small hole. m for holding wire m. The bent ends in Figs.1 and 2 are each shown held in engagement with an upright by a wire mpassing through a hole m which is shown in Fig. 6 nearer to the end ofthe rod than is the bend. In Fig. 2 an adjustable device is shownattached to each of these rods M and is adjustable longitudinallythereof In Fig. 2 it is an ordinary rod clamp I and engages anotherupright. The wires m hold the rods adjacent the uprights and therebykeep the rod clamps in engagement with same. In Figs. land 5 anadjustable device comprises the rod N welded to sleeves n holding setscrews 11. The welds are shown in Fig. 5 at n In Fig. 1 the free end ofN is shown bent and held in engagement with an upright in the samemanner as the end of M.

The uprights D shown in Figs. 4, 14 and 25 are in every respect like Dshown in Figs. 3, 10, 12 and 13, except that the short metal parts (2are omitted from D Referring principally to Fig. 10 and otherwise toFigs. 3, 4, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 25, the details shown inconstruction ofuprights D and D are as follows. The outward corners are shown formed byrolled steel angles d held at a uniform distance apart throughout theirlengths by stays (2 One wing of each angle 11 is shown 76 extendingtoward the other angle d. The other wing is shown extending less thanhalf the distance from the corner toward the mold space. Part of themold face is shown formed by rolled steel angles d which are shownthinner than angles d and also form wings extending laterally from theupright. Angles 03 may be as thick as desired and are shown connectedwith each other and with angles 01 by short channel shaped metal stays ddisposed at intervals longitudinally of the upright and fastenedpermanently to angles d and al One wing of each angle d is shown formingpart of the mold face and extending laterally of the upright and theother wing is shown extending outwardly of the mold space and within thespace between the metal wings d which extend toward the mold space andare fastened to :1 Each stay has a web 01 and two wings. The wingsextend toward the mold space and are also indicated by (1 Humps d areshown on the lateral sides of d for guiding plates B into properpositions. Otherwise the edge of the sheet b of the plate B might beplaced outside the wing d of the upright, or a corner of B might collidewith the heads of screws 01 or with the upper or lower edges of thewings 01 The web d has a hole (1 for inserting tie rods I or other ties.The angles cl and d are thick enough to prevent the upright being bentappreciably as a result of the pressure of concrete or the like onplates between the uprights. Part of the mold face is shown formed bythe wood (1 fastened to d by the screws :1 The sharp exterior corners ofthe rolled angles (1 are shown disposed and extending directly adjacentthe long edges of the wood d and thereby protect them. The mold face ofd is shown in the same plane with exterior faces of the angles. Thenarrow stays d shown in the ends of the uprights, have each a web andtwo wings disposed in manner like the webs and wings of the other stays.In Figs. 11, 13 and 14 all stays are shown fastened permanently to theangles (1 which form the outward corners of the upright, by are welds c1On each of the large stays d having web c1 two of the welds (Z are showndisposed in line extending longitudinally of the upright and at asubstantial distance apart. In Figs. 12 and 25 all stays are shownfastened permanently to angles d by arc welds (1 On each of the largestays d two of the welds (Z are shown disposed in line extendinglongitudinally of the upright and at a substantial distance apart. Thatdisposition of the welds gives substantial resistance against both adeformation of the stay and a stress which otherwise would bend theupright. That applies also to the disposition of welds (2 above stated,and it also applies to the disposition of welds (1 which are shownfastening the stays to angles 01 The short metal parts d are shownfastened in place permanently by arc welds 01 in Fig. 12 and (Z in Figs.12 and 13. Each short metal part d has one long face or surface shown inFigs. 3 and 10 inclined or sloping downward toward the mold space asshown in Figs. 12 and 13. It is obvious that an edge sloping downwardtoward the mold space would accomplish the same object as said surfaceis shown herein to accomplish. An edge is considered herein to be asurface of minute width. In Figs. 13 and 14 holes for tie rods are shownat d In the mod;- fied form of upright D shown in Figs. 15 and 16 achannel shaped part of sheet metal (1 extends the full length of theupright in place of the stays and angles at shown in the other figures.

Slots and holes (1 are punched in series extending longitudinally on thecenter line of the web and in positions corresponding to slots d andholes (1 shown in. Fig. 11. Large notches d are shown punched in thelateral sides at of the part d". Each notch is shown having one edge (1which slopes or inclines downward toward the mold face and correspondswith the sloping face or surface of d shown in Figs. 12 and 13 andspecified above. The line d in fact indicates a narrow surface havingwidth equal to the thickness of the sheet metal as shown in Fig. 15.However it is obvious that cl would accomplish the object for which itis used regardless whether it is a narrow surface or an edge. If eitheran edge or a surface slopes downward toward the mold space and occurs inor on any modification of upright whatsoever, (regardless whetherconnected temporarily or permanently thereto), either said edge or saidsurface is considered herein as the equivalent of the other, and eitherword edge or surface shall mean either edge or surface. The plural wordsedges and surfaces shall also have a meaning corresponding to themeaning set forth in the last sentence preceding this. The sheet metalforming 01 is preferably thicker than angles d to give sufficientstrength where needed. Except as stated above the construction of theupright D is the same in important features as D and D shown in otherfigures. In this upright D one wing of each angle d is shown extendingoutwardly of the mold face and within the space between the metal wingsal which extend toward the mold face and are fastened to d and the otherwing of d is shown forming part of the mold face and extending laterallyof the upright. If the inclined face of d or inclined edge 01 is notclose enough to the mold space, a metal filler piece L may be used asshown in Fig. 13. The lower end of L has a notch as shown at L in Fig.20. This notch fits over the upper edge of the wing d of a stay as shownin Fig. 13 or over the lower edge of notch 11 if used in themodification of upright D The construction of the plate B is shown inFigs. 3, 4, 21, 22 and 28 as follows. The metal sheet forming the moldface b is bent to form Wings 12 extending outwardly along the upper andlower edges of the mold face. A long metal strip 19 is shown fastenedinside b by spot welds 22 through both sheet and strip. A small fillerpiece of metal sheet Z9 of the same thickness as b is shown spot weldedto the end of D This occurs at both ends of both strips 1) and makeseach long narrow face at top or bottom of the plate extend in same planewith the face of b The wood battens Z1 and 12 are shown fastened to b byscrews entering the end faces of the battens. A batten Z7 is shownnailed to angle 19 This is accomplished by a plurality of nails like atb the others being masked from view below b The metal angle 22 is shownfastened to b by spot welds like shown at b Other spot welds like at bare below it and masked from view. The apex of the angle b is shown at asubstantial distance from the vertical edge of b and on the outward sideof the sheet which forms b. The edge of one wing of b is shown adjacentthe edge of b and extending adjacent thereto, both edges extendingupright. The points of nails 17 and b are shown clinched. The final blowof a hammer on b dents b enough to leave the face of the nail head flushwith or deeper than the face b. In Figs. 1 and 2 are shown plates ofspecial width formed of upright boards K, horizontal battens k andstrips 70 The strips k are thinner than the boards and thus formrecesses to engage the metal wings of the uprights as shown. In Fig. 1the ends of the wooden bar E are shown inserted in the uprights anddriven downward to force E against k and hold the wood plate inposition. This is accomplished as 'shown in Fig. 13 where E is forcedtoward the mold space by the wedging effect of the inclined face of (1when E is driven downward between it and k. Therefore in Fig. 1, E maybe considered as a special lock bar operated in the same manner as Eshown in other figures. Inv Figs. 2 and 14, E is shown held in place bythe angles (1 of the uprights and wedges F are shown driven between Eand k to force the latter toward the mold space and hold the plate inposition. At the corner of the wall mold in either Fig. 1 or 2 the strip70 is fastened in the corner plate at sufficient distance outward tohold the edge of the adjacent board K flush with the mold face of theadjacent upright. In Fig. 1 this board K is also held by a thin metalribbon k nailed to both K and the wood face of the upright as shown. InFig. 2 the same object is shown accomplished by the wire 70 connectinga. nail in k with the nearest corner of the upright. In Fig. 1, one endof the wooden bar E is disposed in the outward side of one upright D andthe other end in the lateral side of another upright D where it isdriven downward to force the end of 70 toward the mold space and holdthe wood plate in position in the same manner as illustrated by E d andk in Fig. 13 and described above. In Fig. 2 one end of the wooden bar Eenters the outward side of one upright and the other end enters alateral side of another upright. The latter end is held by an angle ofthe upright D and a wedge F is driven between E and k to force the endof k toward the mold space and hold the plate in position.

The lock bar E is shown in Figs. 3, 12, 16 and 18, comprising a metalangle and two short metal rods 6. The rods are shown fastened tothe wingof the angle which extends downward when in position. They act asbearing pieces against the inclined metal edges in the uprights shown inFigs. 1, 3, 10, 12, 13, 15 and 16, and against (Z shown in Fig. 5. Theother wing which extends outwardly when in position, is shown notched ate at one end of the angle. The rod at this end of the angle is shownending flush with the end of the angle. The rod at the other end isshown extending a short distance beyond the angle. The rods are shownfastened by arc welds e and e In Fig. 3 each end of the lock bar isshown engaging a different upright D. The notch e permits assembling andremoving the lock bar without disturbing either upright. In Fig. 12 oneend of the lock bar is shown between the panel B and the inclined faceof d The other end of the lock bar is disposed in same manner at anotherupright masked from view. When the ends are forced downward the inclinedfaces of d force the lock bar toward the mold face and the plate B andthereby force the plate B into position and hold it there. The inclineof the face of (1 also makes the same look bar adjustable to plates ofdifferent thickness. Since all the openings d are alike, the same lookbar is adjustable to all and therefore to different positionslongitudinally of the upright. Since the uprights are parallel to eachother the plates are adjustable at any level between them regardless ofthe intervals at which the lock bars may be assembled. In Fig. 16 theend of the lock bar E is shown between the plate B and the inclined edged which accomplishes the same object as the inclined face or surface ofZ in Fig.

12. Likewise the adjustable metal part 01 shown in Figs. 25, 26 and 27furnishes an inclined face or surface for use in uprights D so that thesame look bar E may be used with uprights D and accomplish the sameobject as with D and D The modified form of upright shown in Figs. 2, 4and 14 has no inclined surfaces or inclined edges to force a lock bartoward the mold space. To accomplish this object a modified form of lockbar is shown at E in Figs. 4 and 19. It shows an angle similar to Eexcept that it is punched with six holes through the horizontal wing andis notched at both ends. One notch is shown long enough to permitassembling E without disturbing the uprights D One wing of E extendsupward as shown and E is forced toward the mold space by driving wedgesf to cooperate with levers F. Each lever F is shown having two lugsor'pinions 1 one extending downward and the other upward. The two areshown formed by one rod passing through F and fastened thereto by a weldf After E is assembled each lever F is assembled, the lower end of ibeing inserted downward through a corresponding hole through E Eachlever F is adjustable to either end of E to any other E becauseregardless whether extending to the right or left, one end of 1 willextend downward through a corresponding hole in E and act as a fulcrumfor F when the wedge f is driven downward between F and the upright wingof E The point of the wedge f passes further downward through one of theholes I in E as shown. A wire or equivalent line f is shown attached toF through a hole therein. This line is useful to facilitate the handlingof levers F when not assembled and to act as a flag when they are beinggathered from the ground.

Fig. 25 shows an improved brace holding the upright D erect. The Woodpart of the brace is shown at T fastened to the stake T by bent spikes Tall of which is common in practice heretofore. At the upper end of thebrace the angle 15 is shown nailed to T and a Wire 25 passing through ahole t in t. A lag screw 25 is shown driven in T at a substantialdistance from the hole 25 A steel tube t is shown fastened at the upperend of t by are welds t Wires t are shown fastened to the upright Dpassing outward through the hole (1 and the tube t Below the tube onewire is fastened at t and the other at the lag screw F. The two wiresare shown twisted together within the tube and below it. That wasaccomplished by rotating the brace before fastening it to the stake T inthe earth T The twisting of the wire drew the tube firmly to the uprightD and holds it there. Any tube, sleeve, collar ring or other means whichwill encircle the wire and oppose pressure from the upright in the samemanner as shown by t is considered herein as equivalent of the tube tReferring again to the construction of plate B, a batten b at each endof the plate is protected by a strip of metal 12 shown nailed to E1 inFig. 22 and at the bottom of Fig. 16. The nails are shown at 13 Whilepreferred embodiments of the invention have been specifically describedherein and shown in the drawings, it is to be understood that theinvention may be otherwise embodied and modified within the scope of theappended claims.

having a part which forms part of a lateral side of the upright, a broadface of said part extending in a direction transverse of the mold face,another of said elements being spaced apart from the former and beingdisposed at a greater distancefrom the mold space than the former is,the element which is disposed at said greater distance forming at leastone outward corner of the upright and having a wing which forms anotherpart of the same said lateral side of the upright and is spaced apartfrom the first said part, said long metal elements being connected bymetal stays disposed at intervals longitudinally of the upright.

2. A wall mold according to claim 1 wherein each of said stays is ashort channel shaped part comprising two wings and a web extendingbetween them, both said wings extending toward the mold space from saidweb.

3. A wall mold according to claim 1 wherein the long metal elementforming an outward corner of the upright is fastened to each of saidstays by at least two welds disposed at a substantial distance apart andon a line extending longitudinally of the upright and thereby givingsub- .stantial resistance against both adeformation of the stay and abending of theupright and against movement of said long metal elementlongitudinally of another long metal element.

4. A wall mold according to claim 1 wherein each outward corner of theupright is formedby a metal angle extending longitudinally thereof, onewing of the angle extending from the outward corner toward the moldspace, the other wing of same angle extending toward the angleforming'the other outward corner of the upright, the two said anglesbeing held at a uniform distance apart throughout their lengths by saidstays, the space between theangles being crossed by the stays andthereby forming slots inthe outward side of the upright at centersalternating with the positions of the stays, the ends of the slots beingformed by the stays and the slots being adapted for inserting bolts,cleats, ties and the like.

5. A wall mold according to claim 1 wherein short metal parts arepermanently fastened in the lateral sides of the uprights and whereinlock bars hold plates in position and prevent bending them outwardly,each lock bar being adjustable against the outward side of a plate, oneend of the lock bar extending through a lateral side of one uprightwhile the other end extends through a lateral side of another upright,the lock bar engaging one of said short metal parts in each of saiduprights, each of said short metal parts having a surface which slopesdownward toward the mold space and is thereby adapted to force a lockbar against a plate and toward the mold space.

6. A ,wall mold comprising a series of uprights adjacent the mold space,plates between the uprights and adjacent the mold space, meanscooperating with the uprights for holding the plates inposition,openings in the lateral sides of the uprights and adapted to receivesaid means, each uprightcomprising a plurality of long metalelements'spaced apart, disposed parallel to each otherand connected by aseries ofmeta-lstays disposed at intervals longitudinally of the uprightand fastened permanently to said long metal elements, one of said longmetal elements forming at least one outward corner of the upright andextending less than half the distance fromsaid corner to the mold space,said openings being each within an area bounded by at least two saidelements and by at least twosaid stays, short metal parts beingtemporarily disposed in the lateral sides of the uprights, each of saidparts having a surface whichslopes downward toward the mold space and isthereby adapted to force said means toward the mold space.

'7. A wall mold comprising a series of metal uprights adjacent the moldspace, plates between the uprightsand adjacent the mold space, theplates held in position by lock bars each of which is adjustable againstthe outward side of a plate, and prevents bending the plate outthrough alateral side of one upright while the other end extends through .alateral side of another upright and .the lock .bar is held against the.plate by means adapted for holding the space.

8. A wall mold comprising a series of metal uprights adjacent the moldspace, plates bea lateral side of one upright while the other;

end extends through a lateral side of another upright, each uprighthaving a series of in clined metal edges in its lateral sidesanddisposed ,at intervals longitudinally thereof, each inclined edgesloping downward toward .the mold space and thereby adapted to force alock bar against a plate and toward the mold space.

9. A wall mold according to .claimlS wherein a filler piece istemporarily disposed between one of said inclined metal edges and a lockbar,

and has a notch which engages the upright.

10. A wall mold according to claim 8 wherein the lock bar comprises anangle having a metal bearing piece fastened inside each end.

11. A wall mold according to claim 8 wherein the lock'bar has anoutwardly extending wing notched in at least one end.

12. A wall mold comprising a series of metal uprights adjacent the moldspace, plates between the uprights and adjacent the mold space, andmeans cooperating with the uprights for holding the plates in position,openings in the lateral sides of the uprights, said means extendingtherethrough, each upright having a series of inclined metal edges inits lateral sides and disposed at intervals longitudinally thereof, eachinclined edge sloping downward toward the mold space and thereby adaptedto force said means toward the mold space.

13. A wall mold comprising a series of lip-- rights adjacent the moldspace, plates between the uprights and adjacent the mold space, meanscooperating with the uprights for holding the plates in position, abrace for holding an upright erect, one end of the brace comprising atube extending longitudinally of the brace and open at both ends, atleast two means for fastening wire to the brace at a substantialdistance from the tube and from each other, wire fas- .20 wardly, oneend of the lock bar extending .25 lock bar at different distancesfromthe mold tened to the upright, two thicknesses of the wire passingthrough the tube and fastened one to each of said means and holding thebrace firmly to the upright after the brace has been rotated to twistthe wire within the tube.

14. A wall mold having small cleats in a temporary framework of metalmembers, some of said members having slots extending upright, othershaving holes carrying bolts for fastening the members to the membershaving the slots, the head of each bolt being narrower than the slotsand longer than the width thereof so that the bolt head may enter andleave said slots without disconnecting the bolt from the member whichcarries it, the bolt being engaged in one of said slots, the length ofits head extending transversely of the length of the slot, a cleat beingconnected with the bolt and having a tongue extending through the sameslot and preventing the bolt rotating, the tongue being adapted to enterand leave the slot without disconnecting the cleat from the bolt, thepart of the tongue near its point being narrower than the shank of thebolt and therefore well adapted to enter the slot.

15. In a wall mold having two faces meeting to form an inside corner ofa wall face, the mold comprising a series of uprights adjacent the moldspace, plates disposed between the uprights and adjacent the mold space,means cooperating with the uprights for holding the plates in position,and a plate of special width extending between two uprights, one uprightforming part of one of said two faces, and the other upright formingpart of the other face, said plate of special width being held inposition by means including a bar entering the lateral side of one saidupright and the outward side of the other said upright.

16. In a wall mold comprising plates held by a temporary framework ofmembers including uprights and other members connected therewith, aspecial tie disposed entirely outside the mold space and connecting twomembers of said framework, the tie comprising a rod, one end of the rodhaving a permanent bend at a short distance from the end and a hole at ashorter distance from same end, the bent end inserted in one of said twomembers and held thus by wire passing through said hole, a device beingattached to the rod, adjustable longitudinally thereof, held in contactwith the other of said two members and adapted for preventing the rodmoving in at least one direction relative to the member with which saiddevice is held in contact.

1'7. A wall mold comprising a series of uprights adjacent the moldspace, plates between the uprights and adjacent the mold space, meanscooperating with the uprights for holding the plates in position, aplate of special width held in place by barsand cooperating means, eachbar extending into the lateral sides of two uprights, said meansextending between the bars and said plate.

18. In a wall mold comprising plates held by a temporary framework ofmembers including uprights and other members connected therewith, aspecial tie disposed entirely outside the mold space and connecting twomembers of said framework, the tie comprising two rods, one end of eachrod having a permanent bend at a short distance from the end and a holeat a shorter distance therefrom, the bent end being inserted in one ofsaid two members and held there by wire passing through said hole, oneof said rods having metal elements fastened permanently thereto, formingpassages embracing the other rod and holding set screws in position forclamping said other rod and thereby preventing each rod movinglongitudinally of the other.

19. A wall mold having a hollow metal upright, each lateral side thereofhaving a part extending toward the mold space, one face of the uprightbeing adjacent the mold space and comprising both a wood surface andparts of two long hot rolled metal elements having exterior cornersdisposed directly adjacent the long edges of said wood surface, each ofsaid elements having a wing adjacent the mold space and a face extendingtransversely of said wing and outwardly of the mold space farther thanthe distance to said part extending toward the mold space, said facebeing fastened to said part.

20. A wall mold having plates and uprights adjacent the mold space, saidplates each having a metal sheet in its mold face and battens extendingupright, the plate having recesses in the upright edges of its moldface, two metal angles extending substantially parallel to the uprightedges of the metal sheet, the plane of one wing of each angle beingsubstantially parallel to the plane of the sheet, the edge of said wingbeing substantially adjacent and substantially parallel to an uprightedge of the sheet, and the apex of the angle being at less distance fromthe center of the sheet than the distance from said edge to said center.

21. A wall mold having plates and uprights adjacent the mold space, saidplates each having a metal sheet in its mold face and battens extendingupright, each batten being adapted throughout its length to beardirectly against a lock bar extending transversely of it and toward twoseparate uprights which cooperate in holding the lock bar against thebattens, the metal sheet being bent outwardly to form wings along itsupper and lower edges, the plate having a long metal part fastenedpermanently on the inside of each outwardly extending wing of the metalsheet and extending longitudinally of the wing and in the spaces betweenthe wing and the ends of said battens, the end of each batten being heldby fastening means disposed entirely apart from the mold face but in aposition nearer thereto than the distance therefrom to the outermostpart of the batten, said long metal part being the means for holdingsaid fastening means entirely apart from the mold face and in saidposition.

22. A wall mold having uprights connected by a narrow splice having anarrow channel shaped part the sides of which extend outwardly of themold, the Web of the channel being fastened to the uprights by boltsvhaving nuts, the bolts passing through sleeves within the narrowchannel, the sleeves holding the nuts far enough from the web to freethem from obstruction by said sides and thus permitting the use of boltsof maximum diameter within the narrow channel.

ROWLAND T. WALES.

